Host Myles Bess takes a deeper look at how algorithms are being used in the criminal justice system — and whether not computer programs make better predictions about criminal behavior than humans.
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ABOVE THE NOISE is a show that cuts through the hype and takes a deeper look at the research behind controversial and trending topics in the news. Hosted by Myles Bess and Shirin Ghaffary.
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It’s no big secret that the United States has a prison problem. We lock up people at higher rates than any other nation, and there are huge racial disparities in who we lock up. According to a study from The Sentencing Project, in state prisons, African Americans are incarcerated 5 times more than whites. There are lots of reasons for why we may see this racial disparities, including
law enforcement practices, crime rates, and punitive sentencing policies. Keeping so many people in prison is really expensive– it costs about $80 billion dollars a year– and it contributes to racial inequalities in America. As a result, there’s a big push among both Democrats and Republicans to reform our prison system. And one popular strategy many people advocate for as part of this reform effort are risk assessment tools. The tools use data to predict whether a person will commit a future crime. This video explores how these tools work and some of the controversy surrounding their use.
What do you think does a better job of predicting someone’s risk of committing a future crime — data-driven algorithms or human judgement?
Check out some of these tools:
Sample of COMPAS Tool (Obtained by ProPublica):
https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2702103-Sample-Risk-Assessment-COMPAS-CORE.html
https://www.northpointeinc.com/downloads/research/DCJS_OPCA_COMPAS_Probation_Validity.pdf (Appendix A: page 32)
Indiana Risk Assessment System Tools: https://www.pretrial.org/download/risk-assessment/Indiana%20Risk%20Assessment%20System%20(April%202010).pdf
Missouri Tool:
https://www.mosac.mo.gov/page.jsp?id=45500
Virginia: (Appendix D, page 132)
https://www.vcsc.virginia.gov/risk_off_rpt.pdf
In-depth article on this topic:
https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/06/01/can-algorithms-predict-criminal-behavior/
Sources:
Risk Assessment in Criminal Sentencing https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2662082#
Risk Assessment Instruments Validated and Implemented in Correctional Settings in the United States: An Empirical Guide
https://csgjusticecenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Risk-Assessment-Instruments-Validated-and-Implemented-in-Correctional-Settings-in-the-United-States.pdf
Risk Needs Assessment in the Criminal Justice System
https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44087.pdf
Bureau of Justice Statistics
https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=5177
Incarceration gap widens between whites and blacks
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/09/06/incarceration-gap-between-whites-and-blacks-widens/
Marijuana Arrests by the Numbers
https://www.aclu.org/gallery/marijuana-arrests-numbers
Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie
https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2016.html
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